Figures

See key illustrative figures from major reports, papers, and resources regarding biodiversity loss.

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Sources

• Antonelli, A., Fry, C., Smith, R.J., Simmonds, M.S.J., Kersey, P.J., Pritchard, H.W., Abbo, M.S., Acedo, C., Adams, J., Ainsworth, A.M., Allkin, B., Annecke, W., Bachman, S.P., Bacon, K., Bárrios, S., Barstow, C., Battison, A., Bell, E., Bensusan, K., Bidartondo, M.I., Blackhall-Miles, R.J., Borrell, J.S., Brearley, F.Q., Breman, E., Brewer, R.F.A., Brodie, J., Cámara-Leret, R., Campostrini Forzza, R., Cannon, P., Carine, M., Carretero, J., Cavagnaro, T.R., Cazar, M.-E., Chapman, T., Cheek, M., Clubbe, C., Cockel, C., Collemare, J., Cooper, A., Copeland, A.I., Corcoran, M., Couch, C., Cowell, C., Crous, P., da Silva, M., Dalle, G., Das, D., David, J.C., Davies, L., Davies, N., De Canha, M.N., de Lirio, E.J., Demissew, S., Diazgranados, M., Dickie, J., Dines, T., Douglas, B., Dröge, G., Dulloo, M.E., Fang, R., Farlow, A., Farrar, K., Fay, M.F., Felix, J., Forest, F., Forrest, L.L., Fulcher, T., Gafforov, Y., Gardiner, L.M., Gâteblé, G., Gaya, E., Geslin, B., Gonçalves, S.C., Gore, C.J.N., Govaerts, R., Gowda, B., Grace, O.M., Grall, A., Haelewaters, D., Halley, J.M., Hamilton, M.A., Hazra, A., Heller, T., Hollingsworth, P.M., Holstein, N., Howes, M.-J.R., Hughes, M., Hunter, D., Hutchinson, N., Hyde, K., Iganci, J., Jones, M., Kelly, L.J., Kirk, P., Koch, H., Krisai-Greilhuber, I., Lall, N., Langat, M.K., Leaman, D.J., Leão, T.C., Lee, M.A., Leitch, I.J., Leon, C., Lettice, E., Lewis, G.P., Li, L., Lindon, H., Liu, J.S., Liu, U., Llewellyn, T., Looney, B., Lovett, J.C., Łuczaj, Ł., Lulekal, E., Maggassouba, S., Malécot, V., Martin, C., Masera, O.R., Mattana, E., Maxted, N., Mba, C., McGinn, K.J., Metheringham, C., Miles, S., Miller, J., Milliken, W., Moat, J., Moore, P.G.P., Morim, M.P., Mueller, G.M., Muminjanov, H., Negrão, R., Nic Lughadha, E., Nicolson, N., Niskanen, T., Nono Womdim, R., Noorani, A., Obreza, M., O’Donnell, K., O’Hanlon, R., Onana, J.-M., Ondo, I., Padulosi, S., Paton, A., Pearce, T., Pérez Escobar, O.A., Pieroni, A., Pironon, S., Prescott, T.A.K., Qi, Y.D., Qin, H., Quave, C.L., Rajaovelona, L., Razanajatovo, H., Reich, P.B., Rianawati, E., Rich, T.C.G., Richards, S.L., Rivers, M.C., Ross, A., Rumsey, F., Ryan, M., Ryan, P., Sagala, S., Sanchez, M.D., Sharrock, S., Shrestha, K.K., Sim, J., Sirakaya, A., Sjöman, H., Smidt, E.C., Smith, D., Smith, P., Smith, S.R., Sofo, A., Spence, N., Stanworth, A., Stara, K., Stevenson, P.C., Stroh, P., Suz, L.M., Tambam, B.B., Tatsis, E.C., Taylor, I., Thiers, B., Thormann, I., Trivedi, C., Twilley, D., Twyford, A.D., Ulian, T., Utteridge, T., Vaglica, V., Vásquez-Londoño, C., Victor, J., Viruel, J., Walker, B.E., Walker, K., Walsh, A., Way, M., Wilbraham, J., Wilkin, P., Wilkinson, T., Williams, C., Winterton, D., Wong, K.M., Woodfield-Pascoe, N., Woodman, J., Wyatt, L., Wynberg, R., Zhang, B.G. (2020). State of the World’s Plants and Fungi 2020. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34885/172

• BirdLife International (2022). State of the World’s Birds 2022: Insights and solutions for the biodiversity crisis. Cambridge, UK: BirdLife International

• Brauman, K. A., et. al. (2020). Global trends in nature’s contributions to people. In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (Vol. 117, Issue 51, pp. 32799–32805). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010473117

• Convention on Wetlands. (2021). GlobalWetland Outlook: Special Edition 2021. Gland,Switzerland: Secretariat of the Convention on Wetlands.

• Dasgupta, P. (2021), The Economics of Biodiversity: The Dasgupta Review. Abridged Version. (London: HM Treasury).

• FAO. 2022. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2022. Towards Blue Transformation. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc0461en

• FAO. 2022. The State of the World’s Forests 2022. Forest pathways for green recovery and building inclusive, resilient and sustainable economies. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9360en

• Hicks, K. & McKendree, J., 2022. A comprehensive approach to nitrogen in the UK, SEI: Stockholm Environment Institute. Sweden. Retrieved from https://policycommons.net/artifacts/2243018/a-comprehensive-approach-to-nitrogen-in-the-uk/3001185/ on 04 Nov 2022. CID: 20.500.12592/p9574g.

• IPBES (2019): Summary for policymakers of the global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. S. Díaz, J. Settele, E. S. Brondízio, H. T. Ngo, M. Guèze, J. Agard, A. Arneth, P. Balvanera, K. A. Brauman, S. H. M. Butchart, K. M. A. Chan, L. A. Garibaldi, K. Ichii, J. Liu, S. M. Subramanian, G. F. Midgley, P. Miloslavich, Z. Molnár, D. Obura, A. Pfaff, S. Polasky, A. Purvis, J. Razzaque, B. Reyers, R. Roy Chowdhury, Y. J. Shin, I. J. Visseren-Hamakers, K. J. Willis, and C. N. Zayas (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. 56 pages. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3553579

• IPBES (2022). Summary for Policymakers of the Methodological Assessment Report on the Diverse Values and Valuation of Nature of theIntergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Pascual, U., Balvanera, P., Christie, M., Baptiste, B.,González-Jiménez, D., Anderson, C.B., Athayde, S., Barton, D.N., Chaplin-Kramer, R., Jacobs, S., Kelemen, E., Kumar, R., Lazos, E.,Martin, A., Mwampamba, T.H., Nakangu, B., O’Farrell, P., Raymond, C.M., Subramanian, S.M., Termansen, M., Van Noordwijk, M., andVatn, A. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522392

• IPCC, 2022: Summary for Policymakers [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, M. Tignor,A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem (eds.)]. In: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptationand Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panelon Climate Change [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig,S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York,NY, USA, pp. 3–33, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.001.

• IUCN. 2021. IUCN Red List 2017–2020 Report. https://nc.iucnredlist.org/redlist/resources/files/1630480997-IUCN_RED_LIST_QUADRENNIAL_REPORT_2017-2020.pdf

• Keith, D.A., Ferrer-Paris, J.R., Nicholson, E. and Kingsford, R.T. (eds.) (2020). The IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology 2.0: Descriptive profiles for biomes and ecosystem functional groups. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN.

• J. Lokrantz/Azote based on Steffen, W. et al. (2015) ‘Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet’, Science, 347(6223:1–10).

• Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis. Island Press, Washington, DC.

• OECD (2020), A Comprehensive Overview of Global Biodiversity Finance, OECD Publishing, Paris.

• Pörtner, H.O., Scholes, R.J., Agard, J., Archer, E., Arneth, A., Bai, X., Barnes, D., Burrows, M., Chan, L., Cheung, W.L., Diamond, S., Donatti, C., Duarte, C., Eisenhauer, N., Foden, W., Gasalla, M. A., Handa, C., Hickler, T., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Ichii, K., Jacob, U., Insarov, G., Kiessling, W., Leadley, P., Leemans, R., Levin, L., Lim, M., Maharaj, S., Managi, S., Marquet, P. A., McElwee, P., Midgley, G., Oberdorff, T., Obura, D., Osman, E., Pandit, R., Pascual, U., Pires, A. P. F., Popp, A., Reyes-García, V., Sankaran, M., Settele, J., Shin, Y. J., Sintayehu, D. W., Smith, P., Steiner, N., Strassburg, B., Sukumar, R., Trisos, C., Val, A.L., Wu, J., Aldrian, E., Parmesan, C., Pichs-Madruga, R., Roberts, D.C., Rogers, A.D., Díaz, S., Fischer, M., Hashimoto, S., Lavorel, S., Wu, N., Ngo, H.T. 2021. IPBES-IPCC co-sponsored workshop report on biodiversity and climate change; IPBES and IPCC, DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4782538

• United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, 2022. The Global Land Outlook, second edition. UNCCD, Bonn.

• United Nations Environment Programme (2021). Becoming #GenerationRestoration: Ecosystem restoration for people, nature and climate. Nairobi.

• United Nations Environment Programme (2021). Making Peace with Nature: A scientific blueprint to tackle the climate, biodiversity and pollution emergencies. Nairobi. https://www.unep.org/resources/making-peace-nature

• United Nations Environment Programme (2022). State of Finance for Nature. Time to act:Doubling investment by 2025 and eliminating nature-negative finance flows. Nairobi. https://wedocs.unep.org/20.500.11822/41333

• Valderrábano, M., Nelson, C., Nicholson, E., Etter, A., Carwardine, J., Hallett, J. G.,McBreen, J. and Botts, E. (2021). Using ecosystem risk assessment science in ecosystemrestoration: A guide to applying the Red List of Ecosystems to ecosystem restoration.Gland, Switzerland: IUCN.

• WWF (2020) Living Planet Report 2020 - Bending the curve of biodiversity loss. Almond, R.E.A., Grooten M. and Petersen, T. (Eds). WWF, Gland, Switzerland.

• WWF (2022) Living Planet Report 2022 - Building a nature-positive society. Almond, R.E.A., Grooten, M., Juffe Bignoli, D. & Petersen, T. (Eds). WWF, Gland, Switzerland.

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Why And Biodiversity? To learn of the human impact:

	Terrestrial Environments		Wild Verterbrate Species		Marine Environments		Coral Reef Decline		Global Warming
	Insect Abundance		Increased Trade		Wetland Degradation		Global Biomass		Agri- culture

| And Biodiversity

A Rock, A River, A Tree
Hosts to species long since departed,
Marked the mastodon,
The dinosaur, who left dried tokens

Of their sojourn here
On our planet floor,
Any broad alarm of their hastening doom
Is lost in the gloom of dust and ages…

-“On the Pulse of Morning”
Maya Angelou

| And Biodiversity

To see the birth of day’s transparent moon
Far from cramped walls may fading afternoon
Find me expectant on some rising lawn;
Often depressed in dewy grass at dawn,

Me, from sweet slumber underneath green boughs,
Ere the stars flee may forest matins rouse,
Afoot when the great sun in amber floods
Pours horizontal through the steaming woods…

-“An Ode to Natural Beauty”
Alan Seeger

| And Biodiversity

Give me a land of boughs in leaf
A land of trees that stand;
Where trees are fallen, there is grief;
I love no leafless land.

-“Give me a land of boughs in leaf”
A.E. Housman

| And Biodiversity

…Then the chant
Of birds, and chime of brooks, and soft caress
Of the fresh sylvan air, made me forget
The thoughts that broke my peace, and I began
To gather simples by the fountain’s brink,

And lose myself in day-dreams. While I stood
In Nature’s loneliness, I was with one
With whom I early grew familiar, one
Who never had a frown for me, whose voice
Never rebuked me for the hours I stole…

-“A Winter Piece”
William Cullen Bryant